Argentina advanced after a Lionel Messi hat-trick secured a 3-1 win in Ecuador.
Uruguay meanwhile sealed their place in Russia with a 4-2 home win over already-eliminated Bolivia.
Colombia qualified after a battling 1-1 draw with Peru in Lima. 
Peru's draw was good enough to give them a playoff berth which will see them take on New Zealand over two legs for a place in the finals.
But the combination of results spelt the end of the road for Chile, who were beaten 3-0 by Brazil and knocked out.